某炼钢厂作业工人健康检查结果分析

Analysis on health examination results in a steel plant

目的分析某炼钢厂在职工人健康检查结果,掌握炼钢作业工人的健康状况,为开展职业健康监护、职业病防治提供科学依据。方法以某钢铁企业炼钢厂的1 847名在职工人为调查对象,分析工龄、职业暴露因素和职业暴露水平对工人健康的影响。结果血压、血糖、胸片、丙氨酸转移酶(ALT)和纯音听力的异常检出率随接害工龄的延长而逐渐增加,各组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。CO暴露组的Hb异常检出率明显高于CO非暴露组,且随CO暴露浓度的升高而增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。单纯高温暴露组、单纯噪声暴露组、高温噪声联合暴露组和非高温噪声暴露组各组间血压、血糖异常检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),且随噪声暴露强度的增加而增加。结论该炼钢厂职业病危害因素对工人血压、血糖、听力、Hb有一定的影响,应加强健康监护,做好个体防护,降低职业病危害因素对作业工人的危害。

Objective To understand the health status of workers in steel plant through analyzing the health examination,and provide basic information for occupational health surveillance and occupational disease control.Methods 1847 workers working in the steel plant were studied including analyzing length of service,occupational exposure factors and levels to affect the health examination items of the workers.Results The abnormal detection rates of blood pressure,blood glucose,chest X-ray,Alanine aminotransferase（ALT）and pure tone audiometry were high with the extending length of service.The significant differences were found among the groups with different length of service（P 〈0.05）.The detection rates of abnormal hemoglobin（HGB）in the CO groups were higher than the non-CO group and the differences were significant（P〈0.05）.With increasing of the CO concentration,the abnormal detection rates of HGB increase.The blood pressure and blood glucose＇s abnormal detection rates were significant among the high temperature-only group,the noise-only group,the high temperature and noise group（mixed group）and non-exposure group（P〈0.05）.With the intensity of temperature and noise increasing,the abnormal detection rates of blood pressure and blood glucose increased.Conclusions Some negative affection upon the workers＇ blood pressure,blood glucose,hearing and HGB were found from the steel plant.Related individual protection and occupational health surveillance should be strengthened.