托幼机构卫生保健人员苯丙酮尿症认知情况及相关因素研究

Study on the cognition and related factors of phenylketonuria among health care physicians in kindergartens

目的了解托幼机构卫生保健人员对苯丙酮尿症的认知情况。方法在合肥市城区所有登记备案的托幼机构中随机抽取149家作为研究现场,以被抽取托幼机构卫生保健人员为研究对象,采用自编的调查问卷对保健人员进行认知情况调查。结果问卷总得分及格率为10.738%,每个题目的回答正确率均偏低,最高仅为32.200%,全部题目均回答错误者占63.087%。保健人员问卷总分在职称、托幼机构规模和性质三个方面差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05),在年龄、工作年限两个方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。公办托幼机构在问卷总分和每题得分上均明显高于民办托幼机构,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论合肥市托幼机构卫生保健人员对苯丙酮尿症知识了解水平较低。相关部门需要制定有效的健康教育方案,改进培训内容,提高保健医生对苯丙酮尿症知识知晓度,促进苯丙酮尿症患儿在园健康。

Objective To understand the cognition of phenylketonuria（ PKU） among health care physicians in kindergartens. Methods A total of 149 kindergartens were selected by random sampling method from all of the registration record kindergartens in Hefei city.The health care physicians who worked in those kindergartens were recruited to complete the self- rating scale of PKU cognition.Results The passing rate of total questionaire score was 10. 738%. The highest rate of each question answered correctly was 32. 200%,all of the questions answered incorrectly accounted for 63. 087%. There was statistically significant difference in total questionnaire score of health personnel titles,institutional scale and nature among the health care physicians（ P〈0. 05）; there was no statistically significant difference in age and working age among the health care physicians（ P〉0. 05）. The total score and each question score of public kindergartens were statistically significantly higher than those of private kindergarten（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion The level of health care physicians＇ cognition about PCU is low in kindergartens of Hefei city. The relative departments must develop effective heath education programs and improve training content to promote the health of children with PKU in kindergartens.