油田废弃井和闲置井封堵要求与监管——兼谈美国加利福尼亚州经验

Requirement and regulation of idle and abandoned wells' plugging——A case study of California's experience

美国加利福尼亚州油气和地热监管局对废弃井封堵采取发放许可证并派员现场监督的方法,针对干井、生产和回注用的废弃井、放射物废弃井、超深天然气废弃井、海洋废弃井等不同类型的废弃井有不同的处置要求。定期对油气公司的闲置井进行相关测试,要求经营者制定闲置井管理计划,支付闲置井费,以减少长期闲置井的数量。

California Division of Oil, Gas and Geothermal Resources manages abandoned wells＇ blocking by issuing permits and conducting operational inspections to sites. The decommissioned wells include dry holes, producers, injectors, radioactive contaminated wells, ultra-deep natural gas wells and offshore wells. Different regulatory requirements are being applied to the individual types of wells. The regulatory agency also manages the idle well program through regular testing, working out idle well management plans, paying idle well fees to reduce the number of long term idle wells.