“一带一路”主要国家石化产业贸易竞争力分析

Analysis on trade competitiveness of petrochemical industry in main OBOR countries

利用贸易竞争力指数、显性比较优势指数和国际市场占有率三个指标,比较"一带一路"13个主要国家包括有机化学品和三大合成材料在内的石化产业贸易竞争力。中国和印度等油气进口大国的竞争力主要体现在合成纤维等石化产业下游环节;主要油气出口大国在有机化学品和少量合成材料上有竞争力,但均在合成纤维环节缺乏竞争力和比较优势;通道国的不同油气产业链环节竞争力都很弱;中等油气贸易量国家在石化产业中的竞争力和比较优势也不突出。中国"一带一路"石化产业合作应更多关注能带来竞争力嵌入和比较优势匹配的"一带一路"油气产业链下游环节。

Trade competitiveness of petrochemical industry of 13 main OBOR countries, including organic chemicals and the three synthetic materials, is compared by trade competitive index, revealed comparative advantage index and international market share rate. The competitiveness of oil and gas importing countries including China and India is mainly reflected in the synthetic fiber and other downstream sectors, while main oil and gas exporting countries hold trade competitiveness in organic chemicals and little synthetic materials but all of them lack competitiveness and comparative advantages in synthetic fiber field. Countries along the channel hold very weak competitiveness in different petrochemical sectors and competitiveness and comparative advantages of countries with middle-sized oil and gas trades is not prominent. China＇s petrochemical industry cooperation should pay more attention to those OBOR oil and gas industry chain downstream sectors which can bring embedded competitiveness and match the comparative advantages.