博物馆空调系统微生物真菌污染检测研究

Detection and Analysis of Fungal Contamination in Air Condition System of Museum

目的保证博物馆空调系统洁净运行,为博物馆及其文物提供洁净的空气环境.方法利用空气采样器对某博物馆空调系统中微生物-真菌浓度检测,研究分析真菌污染物的分布.结果测试表明,机组内积尘平均含量为16.71 g·m-2,多数展柜空气中真菌浓度低于标准值,个别展柜空气中真菌浓度超标,达到600 cfu·m-3,为标准值(500 cfu·m-3)的1.2倍,其中青霉菌、曲霉菌为主要菌种;适宜的温度和较高的湿度均导致真菌污染物的快速滋生,且湿度对真菌污染物浓度影响程度较大.结论通过分析博物馆空气中真菌污染物主要来源,提出控制真菌的手段应采用优先控制湿度和微波法复合有效控制中央空调系统微生物真菌污染.

To ensure the air-conditioning system clean operation for the museum and its cultural relics to provide comfortable and clean air environment, the air sampler was used for air-conditioning system in the microbial-fungal concentration detection in the museum to analysis of fungal pollutant distribution. The tests results showed that the average concentration of dust in the unit was 16.71 g·m^-2 ,and the fungi concentration in the air of most showers was lower than the standard value. The concentration of fungi in the air in the showcase exceeded 600 cfu·m^-3,1.2 times of the standard value, and penicillium and aspergillus were the main strains. The suitable temperature and humidity led to the rapid growth of fungus contaminants and the influence of humidity on the concentration of fungal contaminants was significant. By analyzing the main sources of fungal pollutants in the air of museums,the combination of humidity control and microwave method should be used to control the microbial fungal contamination of the central air conditioning system.