石河子地区奶牛乳房炎源金黄色葡萄球菌的分离鉴定及耐药性分析

Isolation,identification and analysis of drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus from mastitis in dairy cows in Shihezi area

金黄色葡萄球菌是引起奶牛乳房炎的主要致病菌之一,为调查引起新疆石河子地区规模化奶牛场奶牛乳房炎中金黄色葡萄球菌的感染情况及其对常用药物的敏感性,于石河子地区部分奶牛场采集85份临床型或隐性乳房炎奶牛的奶样进行金黄色葡萄球菌的分离、鉴定及耐药性试验。结果表明:从85份奶样中分离到9种共计127株细菌,经选择性培养基培养、生化试验和16S rRNA PCR鉴定,其中60株为金黄色葡萄球菌,占47.24%;还有腐生葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、链球菌属、假单胞杆菌属、肠球菌属等。药敏试验结果表明:所有菌株对杆菌肽、青霉素、头孢氨苄和强力霉素高度耐药,耐药率分别为100%、71.67%、66.67%和76.67%;对氯霉素、氟苯尼考和阿米卡星的敏感率分别达80.00%、83.33%和66.67%;除此之外也有一些菌株对新霉素表现为既不明显耐药也不敏感现象。

Staphylococcus aureus（ S. aureus） is one of the main pathogens causing mastitis in dairy cows,in order to investigate the infection status of S. aureus from mastitis in dairy cows from large-scale dairy farms in Shihezi area of Xinjiang and its drug resistance to commonly used drugs,85 milk samples of clinical or subclinical mastitis in dairy cows were collected from some dairy farms in Shihezi area for the isolation and identification of are S. aureus and its drug resistance test. The results showed that a total of 127 strains of bacteria that belonged to nine kinds of bacteria were isolated from the 85 milk samples,which were cultured in selective medium and identified by biochemical test and 16 S rRNA PCR. Among them,60 strains of bacteria were identified as S. aureus,which accounted for 47. 24%; the other strains of bacteria were identified as Staphylococcus saprophyticus,Staphylococcus epidermidis,Escherichia coli,Streptococcus,Pseudomonas spp,Enterococcus spp and so on. The results of drug sensitivity test showed that all bacterial strains were highly resistant to bacitracin,penicillin,cephalexin and doxycycline,and the resistant rates were 100%,71. 67%,66. 67% and 76. 67%,respectively; and their sensitivity rates to chloramphenicol,florfenicol and amikacin reached 80. 00%,83. 33% and 66. 67%,respectively. In addition,some bacterial strains were neither sensitive nor obviously resistant to neomycin.