考虑车辆限载的危险品运输车辆调度模型

Model of hazardous materials transportation scheduling with considering vehicle loading limit

针对危险品车辆在线路间调拨问题,综合考虑了车辆调度成本、车辆限载等,构建了以利润最大化和途径人口密集区的风险成本最小化为目标的混合整数规划模型,对运价(运量)、运力配置进行综合决策.借鉴分层求解方法,首先,不计广义车辆调拨成本,假定调拨运力无时间约束,分析了使目标函数取最大值的运力;然后,设计了搜索机制进行时间约束可行性检验,证明了满足时间约束的运力取值范围;最后,基于不计广义车辆调拨成本最优运力配置,修正搜索机制计算最小广义车辆调拨成本,并通过数值分析验证了算法的有效性,与不允许车辆调拨相比,车辆调拨降低了运价,增加了运输需求.

This paper focused on hazardous materials vehicle scheduling between multiple routes. A mixed integer programming model was formulated to maximize profit and minimize the risk cost of the densely populated area, and the effect of limited capacity of vehicle and scheduling cost was involved explicitly. The main decisions were determining transportation price and vehicle scheduling. Using hierarchical solving method, we presented optimal vehicle quantity without generalized allocating cost and time constraints to allocating capacity firstly. Then, a search procedure was put forward to check the feasibility of it to time constraints, and optimal vehicle quantity that satisfied to time constraints was given, which is proved at mathematics. Finally, on this basis the search mechanism was revised to calculate the minimum of generalized vehicle allocation cost. The validity of it was verified by the numerical examples. Compared with the case that there is no vehicle allocating between different routes~ the model with vehicle scheduling could reduce transportation price and increase realized demands.