欠发达地区农村互助型社会养老服务的发展

A Research on the Development of Mutual-Aid Care in the Underdeveloped Rural Areas

为应对欠发达地区农村老年人精神孤独和失能老人无人照料、资金和人员又严重短缺的现实困境,本研究从国家养老战略的高度提出了在欠发达地区农村发展"互助型社会养老服务"的新概念。"互助型社会养老服务"并非以往所指的互助养老模式,而是社会养老服务的一种发展形式,重点在于通过多元社会力量的共同推动,达到组织农村老年人从依赖家庭走向自助互助的目的。通过本研究分析可以发现,与城市和发达地区农村相比,在欠发达地区大力发展互助型社会养老服务具有更强的必要性和可行性。同时,笔者认为,在未来人口老龄化速度不断加快、老年人口数量大幅增加的情况下,老年人之间的"自助—互助"形式将会是我国社会养老服务的重要选择。

In the underdeveloped rural areas, the elderly are faced with the spiritual loneliness and without-care problems, and the severely funding and personnel shortages, we put forward the new concept ＂mutual-aid social care service＂ to solve these problems from the height of the national social care strategy for the first time. It is differents from ＂mutual-aid care model＂ in the previous studies, but a form of the development of social care services, which emphasis on the purpose to organizing rural elderly ＂mutual-aid＂ through joint forces. Moreover, I believe that the ＂mutual- aid＂ between the old people will become the final choice of the development of the social care services in the future.