方言在明清话本小说中的多重意义刍论

Significance Analysis of Dialects in Vernacular Novels of Ming and Qing Dynasties

方言在明清话本里是极为凸出的文学现象,具有叙事学、语言学、社会学等方面的意义。目前学界对方言与小说关系的探讨基本以长篇为研究对象。而语言学界对话本方言多有关注,但主要从语言角度出发,因此从文学的角度揭示方言对于明清话本的意义无疑很有必要。文章第1部分着重论述小说家自觉的方言意识及其在明清话本中的具体表现。第2部分主要从叙事学角度分析了方言具有塑造人物、生成情节、强化小说场景真实性与临场感的作用。第3部分讨论了方言作为语言词汇所折射出的种种复杂社会现象。

Dialects is an extremely important literature phenomenon in Ming and Qing dynasties＇ vernacular novels, which have narrative significance,linguistics significance and sociology significance etc.The academicians focus on saga novels while they study re- lationships between dialects and the novels at the present. Linguistic academicians focus on vernacular novels＇ dialects but are mainly based on language angle, therefore it is very important to reveal the significances of dialect to Ming and Qing dynasties＇ vernacular no- vels from the point of view of literature. The first part of this article mainly discusses the self-consciousness of dialects about the novel- ists and their specific performance in Ming and Qing dynasties. The second part of this article mainly analyses dialects＇ function in por- tray characters, form plot and emphasizing the reality and presence in novels＇ scene from narratology angle. The third part of this article discusses the dialects as the language vocabulary, which reflects the various social phenomenon.