大学生自主教育的内涵探析

Analysis of College Students' Sel-feducation

大学生自主教育的内涵,与学校教育的本质区别有两个方面:第一,学校教育中,教师根据学生发展需要提出目标任务,学生接受,而自主教育中,学生根据自己的发展需要,自己提出目标任务,自己完成,开展自主教育能使学生的精神世界特别是认识决策能力得到发展,达到人的解放和自由;第二,学校教育强调人的社会文化性的生成,而自主教育的目的有两个维度,从人的自然本性来看,指人特有的天赋才能充分发展,学生首先要寻找自己的个性,然后通过创造新的文化来发展自己的个性,从人的社会生活性来看,是适应某一特定工作的要求,学生首先要选定工作,然后建构相应的素质条件。我们所倡导的自主教育必须同时具备这两个内涵,它是判断学生有无自主教育以及指导学生怎样开展自主教育的依据。

As for the foundation of self-taught study of undergraduate, it is essentially different from in-school undergraduate study. General/y, it lies in two aspects. Firstly, for in-school education, teachers put forward plans and goals according to their understanding on students, and then students simply follow them. However, for self-taught study, students usually put forward their ideas and make plans for achieving goals, which could help develop students＇ ability of decision-making and the sense of independent consciousness. Secondly, in-school education only focuses on humans＇ sociality, while self-taught study emphasizes not only the tendency of groups and persons but also persons＇ personality. To be specific, self-taught education encourages students to be aware of their interests and fully realize their gifts. Also, self-taught education means that students have to foster their skills and adapt to needs of occupations. Both humans＇ sociality and individuals＇ personalities are indispensable for self-taught education, and they are criteria for whether it is self-taught study and guidelines of how to study by themselves.