工作记忆广度、空间方位概念与智力障碍儿童对交通安全认知的关系

The Relationship Between Mentally-Retarded Children's Working Memory Span,Concept of Spatial Orientation and Traffic Safety Awareness

通过对90名中度智力障碍儿童工作记忆广度、空间方位概念和交通安全认知进行考察,并对三者之间的关系进行探讨,结果表明:(1)7-15岁智力障碍儿童工作记忆广度、空间方位概念和交通安全认知的得分均随着年龄的增长而提高,10-12岁是中度智力障碍儿童空间方位概念和交通安全认知的快速发展期。(2)中度智力障碍儿童的工作记忆广度、空间方位概念、交通安全认知三者得分之间均呈显著相关。(3)中度智力障碍儿童的空间方位概念在工作记忆广度和交通安全认知之间起部分中介作用。工作记忆广度能直接影响智力障碍儿童的交通安全认知,但也通过空间方位概念间接影响交通安全认知。

The present study, by surveying 90 moderately retarded children, aims to probe into the relation-ship between their working memory span, concept of spatial ofiemation, and traffic safety awareness. The results show the following： （1） The mentally retarded children aged 7 - 15 scored higher in their working memory span, concept of spatial orientation, and traffic safety awareness as they grew older, with the moderately retarded children aged 10- 12 showing rapid development in their concept of spatial orientation and tragic safety awareness; （2） there were significant correlations between their working memory span, concept of spatial orientation, and traffic safety awareness; and （3） their concept of spatial orientation partially mediated between their working memory span and traffic safety awareness. The study concludes that moderately retarded children＇ s working memory span can directly affect their traffic safety awareness, and can indirectly affect their traffic safety awareness through their concept of spatial orientation.