自闭症儿童父母的社会支持与亲职压力:身份、收入的效应分析

The Social Support for and the Parenting Stress of Autistic Children's Parents: An Analysis of the Effects of Identity and Income

为了解自闭症儿童父母的社会支持与亲职压力,分析身份、收入对二者的效应,采用亲职压力简表和社会支持评定量表对245户自闭症儿童父母开展调研。结果发现,自闭症儿童父母的亲职压力处于非常高的水平,社会支持程度一般;社会支持与亲职压力存在负相关;身份在支持利用度上主效应显著,收入在亲子互动失调、困难儿童和客观支持主效应显著,身份、收入在亲职压力三维度交互效应显著;身份、收入是社会支持与亲职压力的显著调节变量,父亲组社会支持对亲职压力的影响高于母亲组,非贫困户组社会支持对亲职压力的影响高于建档立卡贫困户组。

This study aims to explore the social support for and the parenting stress of autistic children＇ s parents, and the effects of income and identity on them, by testing 245 autistic children＇ s parents with the Simplified Parenting Stress Index and the Social Support Scale. The results show the following： The autistic children＇s parents showed a significantly high level of parenting stress, and an average level of social support; the social sup- port was negatively correlated with the parenting stress; the identity had a significant effect on the availability of support, income had a significant effect on parent-child interaction dysfunction, difficult children and objective support, and identity and income had a significantly interactive effect on the three dimensions of parenting stress; identity and income were significant moderators between the social support and the parenting stress; the social support for the group of fathers had a higher effect than that for the group of mothers on the parenting stress, and the social support for the group of non-poverty-stricken families had a higher effect than that for the group of archived poverty-stricken families on the parenting stress.