5-6岁汉语自闭症儿童词汇水平的实验研究

An Experimental Study of the Vocabulary Proficiency of Autistic Children Aged 5-6

本研究选取26名5-6岁汉语自闭症儿童作为被试,设计了系列测试工具考察其词汇水平。研究发现:自闭症儿童的词汇广度和词汇深度不存在显著差异;在词汇广度层面上,对接受性词汇的掌握程度优于输出性词汇;在词汇深度层面上,自闭症儿童在理解词汇时遵循语音知觉优先的心理惯性,具有明显的语素偏爱意识;其词汇系统中缺乏完整的原型,词义泛化现象较多;其心理词汇库的分布是有序的,不同词类的词汇联结方式不同;具备一定的语素意识和词汇创新能力。

This study aims to probe into autistic children＇ s vocabulary proficiency, by testing 26 autistic children aged 5-6 with a series of word-testing tools. The results show the following： The autistic children showed no significant difference in their vocabulary breadth and vocabulary depth; they grasped more receptive words than productive words; their understanding of vocabulary followed the psychological inertia of ＂speech perception first＂, indicating a significant preference for morphemes; their vocabulary system lacked complete prototypes and showed much semantic generalization; they showed orderly distribution of psychological vocabulary, with words in different parts of speech linked in different ways; and they showed morphological awareness and vocabulary creation to a certain degree.