广义虫草类真菌来源的N^6‐(2‐羟乙基)腺苷的研究开发现状与思考

Research and exploitation of N^6-(2-hydroxyethyl)-adenosine from Cordyceps s.l.: progress and problems

N^6-(2-羟乙基)腺苷(简称HEA)是虫草菌丝体中得到的第一个生物来源的钙离子拮抗剂,具有抑制癌细胞生长、降低炎症反应、保护肾脏、镇静、镇痛和抗惊厥等多种功效,已经成为一个研究热点。本文对HEA的菌株来源、生理功能、生物合成、提取纯化、化学合成的研究现状等方面进行了总结,对有关专利进行了评价和分析,提出从种质资源入手拓宽HEA来源,优化HEA的提取纯化方法,并深入探究其生物合成途径,为HEA的深入研究和开发应用提供指导。

N^6-（2-hydroxyethyl）-adenosine（HEA）, isolated from cultured mycelia of Cordyceps species, is the first calcium antagonists from biological sources. HEA has become a research hotspot because of the activity of inhibiting proliferation of tumor cell, restraining flammatory activity, protection of kidney and sedative activity, and so on. This paper reviews the research progress on HEA of fungal sources, concerning its physiological function, biosynthesis, extraction and purification, and chemical synthesis. The patents for HEA have also been analyzed and evaluated. It is suggested that exploring HEA of fungal sources, optimizing the method of extraction and purification as well as deepening the research on biosynthesis pathway will be conducive to the theoretical study and exploitation of HEA.