旅游发展对城乡收入差距的影响效应与机制研究——基于浙江省52个县的面板数据分析

A Study on the Effect and Mechanism of Tourism Development on Urban-Rural Income Gap——An Analysis Based on the Panel Data of 52 Counties in Zhejiang Province

文章通过构建浙江省52个县市2005-2014年的平衡面板数据,采用面板数据固定效应模型考察了旅游发展对城乡收入差距的影响效应。结果显示旅游发展显著缩小了城乡收入差距,其当期缩减效应为-0.172,长期累积缩减效应为-0.324;无论是国内旅游还是入境旅游,对城乡收入差距都有着显著的负向影响,且国内旅游的负向影响较大。此外,经济发展水平和对外开放水平在旅游发展对城乡收入差距影响关系中都起着显著的正向调节作用。相关的稳健性检验很好地支持了上述结论。旅游发展对城乡收入差距影响机制的工具变量固定效应广义矩估计结果表明,旅游发展对城镇居民人均可自由支配收入和农村居民人均纯收入的弹性系数分别为0.115和0.254,进一步支持了上述结论。

By constructing the panel data of 52 counties in Zhejiang province from 2005 to 2014, the paper applies the panel data fixed ef-fect model to estimate the effect of tourism development on the urban-rural income gap. The results show that tourism development can sig-nificantly narrow the urban-rural income gap, the current reduction effect and the long term cumulative reduction effect reach- 0.172and-0.324 respectively; Both domestic tourism and inbound tourism have a significant negative effect on the urban-rural income gap, andthe negative effect of domestic tourism is even greater. In addition, both the level of economic development and the level of opening to theoutside world play a significant positive moderating role in the relationshup between tourism development and the urban-rural income gap.The related robust tests well support these conclusions. The results of instrumental variable fixed effect generalized matrix show that each1% increase in tourism development, urban per capita disposable income and rural per capita net income will increase 0.115% and0.254% respectively, which further supports the above conclusions