三江平原测土配方TRPF系统在大豆优化施肥中的应用

Application of Soil Testing and Formulated Fertilization System TRPF on Soybean Optimized Fertilization in Sanjiang Plain

为验证三江平原测土配方施肥TRPF系统在大豆施肥中的应用效果,并对软件系统进行测试,于2013—2014年期间在不同地点设置不同的施肥处理,对大豆产量、产值、肥料投入和经济效益等项目进行测定与分析。研究结果表明:在佳木斯试验区,2013年和2014年高肥处理的肥料投入最大,分别为1380元/hm2和1374元/hm2,TRPF处理的收益均最大,较常规施肥处理每公顷分别增收706.9元和1254.1元,高肥处理产值排在第2位,但与3个TRPF处理比较经济效益较低;在国营八五三农场试验区内,2013年和2014年农民经验处理的肥料投入最大,分别为780元/hm2和765元/hm2,TRPF处理的收益均最大,较常规施肥处理每公顷分别增收2102.2元和1567.3元,较农民经验施肥处理每公顷分别增收1184.2元和1266.1元。本研究从增产率、肥料投入和经济效益角度验证了TRPF系统取得的良好效果。TRPF系统所出配方在收益方面均优于高肥处理、低肥处理、常规施肥、农民经验施肥和对照处理。

Sanjiang Plain and test the system, fertilization treatments were set up in different sites in 2013 to 2014,soybean yield, output value, fertilizer input amount and economic benefits were measured and analyzed. Theresults showed that, in Jiamusi, the fertilizer input amount of high fertilization（HF） treatment was the highest,which was 1380 and 1374 yuan/hm^2 in 2013 and 2014, respectively. The economic benefits of TRPF treatmentwere the largest and the output value increased by 706.9 and 1254.1 yuan/hm^2 in comparing with that of thetraditional fertilization（TF） treatment, the output value of HF was the second, but the economic profit of HFwas lower than that of the three TRPF treatments. In state-operated 853 farm, the fertilizer input amount ofexperience fertilization（EF） treatment was the maximum, which reached 780 and 765 yuan/hm^2 in 2013 and2014, respectively; the profit of TRPF treatment was the largest, and the output value of 2013 and 2014 increased by 2102.2 and 1567.3 yuan/hm^2 in comparing with that of traditional fertilization treatment, and1184.2 and 1266.1 yuan/hm^2 higher than that of experience fertilization treatment. This research proved thepositive effect of TRPF system in terms of growth rate, fertilizer input rate and economic profit. TRPFformulation was better than high fertilization, low fertilization, traditional fertilization and experiencefertilization treatment in economic benefits.