喷施腐植酸钾对烤烟品种‘红花大金元’烟叶品质的影响

Effects of Potassium Humate on Leaf Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco Variety ‘Honghuadajinyuan'

为探索叶面喷施腐植酸钾对烟草品种‘红花大金元’(以下简称‘红大’)产量、品质的影响,改善‘红大’的烤性和可用性,以烟草品种‘红大’为材料,采用随机区组设计,在团棵期、旺长期、现蕾期各喷施腐植酸钾1次,并比较成熟期烟叶农艺性状和烤后烟叶产量、产值。结果表明:喷施腐植酸钾后‘红大’处理的相关农艺性状与对照相比没有显著差异;而烤后烟叶产量、产值、上等烟比例、中上等烟比例较对照分别提高了7.25%、9.22%、6.23%和8.49%;主要化学成分组成较对照更加协调,其中还原糖、总糖含量、氯含量较对照分别降低了10.09%、17.54%、53.85%,差异达到显著水平;总氮、钾含量较对照分别提高了13.58%、21.09%,差异达到极显著水平;总植物碱含量差异在两者间不显著。‘红大’处理评吸质量保持了‘红大’优异的质量风格,两者等级均为较好,‘红大’处理的评分稍高,但不明显。腐植酸钾作为一种环保的绿色有机钾肥,可在烟叶生产中用于改善其产量和品质。

For improving the flue-cured characteristics and usability of tobacco variety‘Honghuadajinyuan＇,and clarifying the effect of foliar application of potassium humate（HA-K） on the yield and quality of‘Honghuadajinyuan＇, a random block design was used in this research, HA-K was applied once in resettlingstage, fast-growing stage and budding stage; agronomic traits were evaluated in mature stage, and yield andoutput value were calculated after flue-cured. Results showed that： there was no significant difference betweenfertilizer-treated‘Honghuadajinyuan＇and CK in yield-related leave characters; however, compared withcontrol, the yield, output value, proportion of superior leaves, and proportion of middle and superior leaveswere significantly increased by 7.25%, 9.22%, 6.23% and 8.49%, respectively; chemical components weremore harmonious than that of CK, content of reducing sugar, total sugar, and chlorine were significantlydecreased by 10.09%, 17.54% and 53.85%, respectively, meanwhile, total nitrogen and potassium weresignificantly increased by 13.58% and 21.09%, there was no significant difference in total alkaloids content;the fertilizer-treated‘Honghuadajinyuan＇maintained smoking quality of regular‘Honghuadajinyuan＇, andshowed no significant difference in smoking score from the control. In conclusion, the HA-K, as anenvironmental-friendly organic fertilizer, was available for improving yield and quality of flue-cured leaves in‘Honghuadajinyuan＇production.