蟹池养殖麦穗鱼重金属的富集特征

Enrichment of Heavy Metals in Pseudorasbora parva from Crab Pond

为了掌握重金属在麦穗鱼体内的富集规律,确保蟹池养殖麦穗鱼的食用安全性,2015年4月、8月和12月分别对宣城市郎溪县河蟹养殖池塘和南漪湖定期采集水样和麦穗鱼,采用原子吸收分光光度法测定水样和鱼样中的重金属含量。结果表明:河蟹养殖池塘水体Pb、Cu、Zn、Cd和Hg含量均符合《无公害食品淡水养殖用水水质》(NY 5051—2001),南漪湖水体重金属含量基本符合《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838—2002)中Ⅰ类或Ⅱ类水平。整个检测周期内,水体中的重金属含量随着季节的变动而增加;不同水体中的麦穗鱼重金属含量有所差异,总体上呈现出同一时期蟹池鱼体重金属含量高于湖泊的现象,且2种水体麦穗鱼重金属单项污染指数均小于0.5,含量均符合《无公害食品水产品中有毒有害物质限量》(NY 5073—2006)。

In order to grasp enrichment characteristics of heavy metals in Pseudorasbora parva, make sureedible safety of Pseudorasbora parva from crab pond, samples of water and Pseudorasbora parva wererespectively collected from crab pond and Nanyi Lake in April, August and December of 2015. Contents of Pb,Cu, Zn, Cd and Hg in samples of water and Pseudorasbora parva were measured by the atomic absorptionspectrophotometry. The results showed that quality of water from the crab pond reached level Ⅰ according tothe standard NY 5051—2001. The quality of water from Nanyi Lake reached level Ⅰ or Ⅱ according toEnvironmental Quality Standards for Surface Water（GB 3838—2002）. Contents of heavy metals in waterincreased with seasons. Contents of heavy metals in Pseudorasbora parva from different water areas weresignificantly different. Generally, contents of heavy metals in fish from crab pond were higher than those fromthe lake. Furthermore, pollution indexes of heavy metals in both fish samples were less than 0.5, and thecontents of heavy metals in fish samples were within the standard range in NY 5073—2006.