近郊与远郊农户耕地投入偏好差异——基于云南省512户农户调查

Farmers' Preference for Investment in Cultivated Land——Difference Between Suburban and Outer Suburb Villages

农户对耕地投入的偏好,关系到耕地可持续利用与粮食安全。采用参与式农村评估方法,对云南省5对典型的近、远郊村512农户进行随机问卷调查,定量对比分析近、远郊村农户对耕地投入的偏好差异。结果表明:无论是劳动、机械、资金还是总投入,近郊村户均投入明显低于远郊村而地均投入则高于远郊村,近郊村耕地利用集约度比远郊村高;在耕地投入结构中,近、远郊村劳动投入均占绝大部分,但近郊村农户对劳动投入偏好强于远郊村而对资金投入偏好则弱于远郊村;对于耕地进一步投入意愿,大部分农户基本保持不变,但农户总体倾向于减少劳动力投入而增加资金投入,且远郊村比近郊村更为突出;农户总体趋向增加"好"质量耕地投入而减少"差"质量耕地投入,且远郊村比近郊村更为突出。应尽快采取措施促使农村特别是远郊村耕地顺利流转而扩大耕地流转规模,尽早实现耕地的规模经营与可持续性投入。

Farmers＇ preference for investment in cultivated land is related to the sustainable utilization ofcultivated land and food security. By using the participatory rural appraisal method, a random questionnairesurvey was conducted among 512 farmers of 5 pairs of typical suburban and outer suburb villages in Yunnan,and a quantitatively comparative analysis was made on the differences of farmers＇ preference for investment incultivated land between suburban and outer suburb villages. The results showed that： concerning labor,machinery, capital or the total investment, the average investment of each household in the suburban villageswere obviously lower than that of the outer suburb villages, but the suburban villages had higher intensity ofcultivated land use compared with the outer suburb villages; for the investment structure of cultivated land inthe suburban and outer suburb villages, the labor investment occupied the vast majority, and farmers of thesuburban villages had stronger preference for labor investment but weaker preference for capital investmentcompared with those of outer suburb villages; for the further willingness of investment in cultivated land, mostfarmers remained unchanged, but farmers generally tended to reduce the amount of labor investment andincrease the capital investment in cultivated land, the preference was more prominent in the outer suburbvillages than the suburban villages; farmers generally tended to increase investment in good-quality cultivatedland and reduce investment in poor-quality cultivated land, the preference was more prominent in the outersuburb villages than the suburban villages. In order to achieve large-scale management and sustainableinvestment of cultivated land, measures should be taken to promote the smooth transfer of cultivated land andexpand the scale of transfer especially in the outer suburb villages.