下颌中低位阻生齿的微创拔除疗效观察

Effect observation of minimally invasive tooth extraction of mandibular impacted third molars

目的比较下颌中低位阻生齿微创拔牙与传统拔牙的临床应用效果。方法选取2012年2月~2014年3月四川省自贡市第一人民医院口腔科门诊部需拔除下颌阻生第三磨牙患者120例,按随机数字表法分为微创组(60例)和传统组(60例)。微创组患牙采取高速涡轮牙钻去除牙、骨阻力辅助微创拔牙器械拔除;传统组患牙采取骨凿去骨劈冠及普通牙挺、牙钳拔除。记录两组的手术时间、术中并发症及术后疼痛、张口受限、面部肿胀和干槽症等发生情况。结果微创组手术时间短于传统组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。微创组术中及术后并发症发生率均低于传统组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论微创拔牙相比传统拔牙术缩短了手术时间,提高了患者在手术中的舒适度,减少了各种术中术后并发症的发生率,可在临床上普及采用。

Objective To compare the clinical effect of minimally invasive extraction and traditional extraction of mandibular impacted third molars. Methods 120 cases of patients need to pull-out mandibular impacted third molars in Outpatient Department of Stomatology, the First People＇s Hospital of Zigong City from February 2012 to March 2014 were selected. According to random number table, patients were divided into the minimally invasive group（n=60） and the traditional group（n=60）. In the minimally invasive group high speed turbine drill as assistant extraction to remove bone resistance and minimally invasive dental apparatus was adopted. In the traditional group, assistant extraction of bone-removing and crowns pitting by chisel was applied. The operation time, complications occurred during operation,postoperative pain, restriction of mouth opening, face swelling, and dry socket were recorded in both groups. Results In the minimally invasive group, the operation time was shorter than that in the traditional group, the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The incidence of intraoperative complications and postoperative complications in the minimally invasive group were lower than those in the traditional group, the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Minimally invasive extraction compared to traditional extraction, shorten the operation time, improve the comfort of patients during the operation, reduce the incidence of intraoperative complications and postoperative complications, can be widely used in clinic.