社区老年高血压患者中医体质特征与生存质量的关系研究

Study on the relationship between constitutional characteristics of TCM and quality of life in elderly patients with hypertension in community

目的分析老年高血压患者中医体质特征与生存质量间的关系,为制订合理有效的健康管理方案提供科学严谨的依据。方法选取2014年1月~2015年12月深圳市龙岗社区内65周岁以上8080例高血压患者作为调查对象。采用分层抽样法对辖区内患者进行调查,调查过程中收集受访者婚姻状况、受教育程度、年龄、性别等基本资料;采用"中医体质分类及判断表"对受访者的中医体质特征进行评估;使用世界卫生组织生存质量简表(WHO QOL-BREF)调查受访者生存质量。将获取数据录入Access软件中并建立数据库,行典型性相关分析及描述性统计分析。结果 Y变量组为生存质量,分别使用Y_1、Y_2、Y_3、Y_4表示生理、心理、环境及社会关系四个领域的得分。X变量组为中医体质,分别使用X_1、X_2、X_3、X_4、X_5、X_6、X_7、X_8、X_9表示平和、气虚、阳虚、阴虚、痰湿、湿热、血瘀、气郁、特禀转化分。生活质量与中医体质相关,4个典型相关系数均存在显著性(P<0.05);冗余分析结果显示,W_1变量可解释Y_1~Y_9的43.9%变异和X_1~X_9的16.4%变异。V_1变量可有效解释Y_1~Y_4的14.3%变异及X_1~X_9的50.5%变异;其余3个变量无法有效解释原始变量变异。结论老年高血压患者的中医体质特征与生存质量存在相关关系,通过调摄辨体,纠正偏颇体质,有助于改善患者健康水平,管理及防治疾病,提高患者生存质量。

Objective To analyze the relationship between constitutional characteristics of TCM and quality of life in elderly patients with hypertension, so as to provide scientific and rigorous basis for making reasonable and valid health management program. Methods Eight thousand and eighty patients with hypertension more than 65 years old in Longgang District of Shenzhen City from January 2014 to December 2015 were selected as research objects. The stratified sampling method was used to investigate the patients, the basic information of marital status, schooling level, age, gender and other information was collected during the process of investigation; the ＂classification and judging table of constitution of TCM＂ was used to evaluate the constitutional characteristics of TCM of interviewee; the world health organization quality of life-BREF（WHO QOL-BREF） was used to investigate the quality of life of interviewee. The data was input Access software and the database was established, so as to take canonical correlation analysis and descriptive statistical analysis. Results Y variable group was on behalf of quality of life, Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 was used to show the scores of physical, psychological, environmental and social relation respectively. X variable group was on behalf of constitution of TCM, X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, X7, X8, X9 was used to show the conversion points of gentle, qi deficiency, yang deficiency, yin deficiency, phlegm-dampness,damp-heat, blood stasis, qi depression, specific endowment. The quality of life was related to the constitution of TCM,and the 4 canonical correlation coefficients had significant differences（P〈0.05）. The redundancy analysis showed that,W1 variables could explain 43.9% variation of Y1-Y9 and 16.4% variation of X1-X9. V1 variables could effectively explain 14.3% variation of Y1-Y4 and 50.5% variation of X1-X9, and the other 3 variables could not explain the variation of the original variables. Conclusion The constitutional characteristics of TCM in elderly patients with hypertension has correlation with the quality of life. Recuperating and correcting the biased constitution is helpful to improve the health of patients, manage and prevent disease, and improve the quality of life.