基于电子束辐照加工的织物阻燃功能化研究

Flame retardant study based on electron beam irradiation processing

利用电子束辐照技术,对涤纶机织物进行接枝改性,以提高抗熔滴并具有阻燃性能。通过正交试验确定最佳方案,分析最佳方案下电子束辐照技术对织物接枝前后其他性能的影响。结果表明:最佳实验方案为阻燃剂浓度250g/L,浸泡时间12h,辐照剂量86kGy,其接枝率为6.50%;由扫描电镜和红外光谱分析可知,阻燃剂单体与涤纶大分子发生了接枝反应,使涤纶机织物具有阻燃性能;接枝后织物抗熔滴和阻燃性能得到改善,在30s内熔滴数由38滴降为8滴,极限氧指数由20.6%提高到27.1%;阻燃涤纶熔融热焓有所下降,结晶化温度从186.22℃降到174.85℃,结晶能力变弱;接枝后涤纶机织物经纬向断裂强力分别下降了15.23%和8.17%,白度损失了9.02%,下降幅度在可接受范围内。

Graft modification using electron beam irradiation can make the polyester woven fabric with anti-droplet performance and flame retardant properties.The best experimental program was determined by orthogonal test and analyze the impact of electron beam irradiation on the other properties of polyester woven fabrics before and after grafting.The results showed that the best solution for the experiment was the concentration of flame retardant of 250g/L,soaking time12 h,the radiation dose 86 kGy,and the graft ratio was 6.50%.Scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy showed that graft reaction occurred between flame retardants monomer and polyester macromolecular,so the polyester woven fabric had the flame retardant properties.The anti-droplet and flame retardant properties of polyester woven fabrics after grafting were improved,the droplet number within 30 seconds from 38 drop down to 8drops,limiting oxygen index was also improved from 20.6%to 27.1%.Melting enthalpy of the polyester fabric after grafting declined,the crystallization temperature decreased from 186.22℃ to 174.85℃,crystallization ability became weaker.Warp and weft breaking strength of the polyester woven fabric after grafting decreased by 15.23% and 8.17%,whiteness lost 9.02% which was a decrease in the acceptable range.