饮水补充硼对雄性肥胖大鼠血清生化指标和免疫器官的影响

Effects of boron on serum biochemical indexes and microstructure of immune organs in male obese rats

目的研究饮水补充硼对雄性肥胖大鼠血清生化指标及免疫器官组织结构的影响。方法选用40只3月龄清洁级雄性SD大鼠,随机分为5组:空白对照组、肥胖模型组和硼低、中、高剂量组,空白对照组饲喂普通饲料,其余4组饲喂高脂饲料,持续8周造模。随后在硼低、中、高剂量组大鼠饮水中添加20、40和80 mg/L硼,空白对照组和肥胖模型组饮用蒸馏水,试验期90 d。试验结束后,右心房采血测定肝功能相关生化指标,同时称重胸腺和脾脏,HE染色,显微观察并测定免疫器官组织学参数。结果与空白对照组相比,肥胖模型组大鼠Lee's指数和腹脂率、血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-c)含量以及胸腺重量均显著增加(P<0.05),而血清总蛋白(TP)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-c)含量则显著降低(P<0.05)。与肥胖模型组相比,低剂量硼添加组大鼠Lee's指数和腹脂率、血清载脂蛋白B(apo B)和LDL-c含量、胸腺重量及指数均显著降低(P<0.05),而血清TP和HDL-c含量均显著增加(P<0.05);硼中剂量组大鼠血清LDL-c含量和胸腺重量也显著降低(P<0.05);但硼高剂量组大鼠上述检测指标均无显著变化。显微观测可见,硼低、中剂量组脾小结面积显著增加(P<0.05),脾动脉周围淋巴鞘和边缘区增厚,脾索增粗,胸腺髓质/皮质比例显著降低(P<0.05),细胞排列紧密,髓质内空泡样结构较少,硼高剂量组脾脏和胸腺组织结构无明显变化。结论饮水补充20 mg/L硼可明显降低血清apo B和LDL-c水平,增加HDL-c水平,缓解高脂饮食引发的肥胖对肝功能相关指标及免疫器官的损伤。

Objective Effects of boron（ B） on the serum biochemical index and microstructure of immune organs in male obese rats were studied. Methods 40 male SD rats（ 3-month old） were divided into five groups： normal control group,high-fat-diet control group and boron supplemental group of low,medium and high dose,randomly.The normal control group were fed with normal diet,the other 4 groups were fed with highfat diet to establish the model of obesity for 8 weeks. The boron supplemental group of low,medium and high dose were supplemented 20,40 and 80 mg B / L in drinking water for 90 d,respectively. At the end,the rats were anesthetized and bled. The blood were collected from right atrium to detected the biochemical indexes related to liver function,and the thymus and spleen were obtained to weighted and fixed,then the samples were made into paraffin sections,stained with hematoxylin-eosin（ HE） stain,observed and measured the histological parameters of immune organs. Results Compared with normal control group,the Lee＇s index and abdominal fat rate,the level of serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol（ LDL-c） and the thymus weight were significantly increased（ P 0. 05）,but the level of serum total protein（ TP） and high density lipoprotein cholesterol（ HDL-c） were significantly decreased（ P 0. 05） in high-fat-diet control group,40 mg /L and 80 mg / L supplement groups of boron. However,these detection indexes did not change significantly（ P 0. 05） in 20 mg / L supplement groups of boron. Compared with the high-fat-diet control group,the Lee＇s index and abdominal fat rate,the level of serum Apolipoprotein B（ apo B） and LDL-c,the thymus weight and index were significantly decreased（ P 0. 05）,but the level of serum TP and high density lipoprotein cholesterol（ HDL-c） were significantly increased（ P 0. 05） in 20 mg /L supplement groups of boron. The level of serum LDL-c and thymus weight was significantly lower（ P 0. 05） in40 mg / L supplement groups of boron. But all the above detection indicators did not change significantly（ P 0. 05） in 80 mg / L supplement groups of boron. Under the microscope,compared with high-fat-diet control group,splenic nodule area was increased significantly（ P 〈0. 05）,splenic periarterial lymphatic sheath,marginal zone and splenic cord were also thicker significantly（ P〈0. 05）, thymus medulla / cortex ratio decreased significantly（ P〈0. 05）,the cells arranged closely,vacuolar like structures were less in the thymus medulla of 20 mg / L and 40 mg / L supplement groups of boron. Microstructure of spleen and thymus did not change significantly in 80 mg / L supplement groups of boron.Conclusion Supplementation of 20 mg B / L could decrease the level of serum apo B and LDL-c,and increase the level of serum HDL-c,and protect the liver function and immune organ of rat from damage caused obese by high fat diet.