博物学与中国画的交汇:谈蒋廷锡《塞外花卉图》卷

A Discussion about Chinese Traditional Flower-and-Plant Paintings with the Focus on ‘The Northern-Frontier Flowers and Plants' Attributed to Jiang Tingxi

《塞外花卉图》卷是一件描绘中国北方塞外植物的珍贵画卷,画家蒋廷锡细致描绘了生长在塞外的66种野生植物。这种对野生植物进行大规模描绘的画作在中国古代极为少见。该文基于博物学的视角对画作中的植物物种加以鉴别,并以画面内容为线索,分析画家创作的历史机缘及受画者的情趣,比较绘画技法、表现形式与西方植物绘图的差异。并在上基础上,探讨了这一时期此类中国植物绘画的发展状况。

In the precious Chinese traditional hand-scroll ‘The Northern-Frontier Flowers and Plants' by Jiang Tingxi, which is called Sàiwài Huāhuì Tú in Chinese pinyin, are drawn as many as 66 species of wild plants growing in the northern areas beyond the Great Wall. It is hard to find such a painting that portrays so many kinds of flowers and plants in traditional Chinese style. This thesis identifies the plants from the angle of natural history, analyzes the content of the picture for the knowledge of the context in which the artist had a chance to create it and the taste of the person who would receive it, compares the painting with the western plant drawings in techniques, styles, etc. and finally discusses from the analysis above the development of Chinese traditional flower-and-plant paintings of that period.