基于自适应有限元分析的收割机行走机构建模与仿真

Modeling and Simulation Analysis of Harvester Walking Mechanism Based on Adaptive Finite Element Numerical Calculation Method

在收割机行走机构复杂机械结构和物理场分析中引入了有限元方法,为有效地控制计算误差,提出了一种自适应有限元网格划分方法,对网格进行均匀化和加密处理,从而大大提高了计算的精度和效率。在网格的划分过程中,采用均匀尺寸网格首先对整体区域进行划分,得到一个合适的初始均匀网格尺寸,在变密度细分的过程中对网格进行细化操作,利用上一次迭代的结果对曲边三角形内部进行局部细化,保证了全局网格的合理分布,使尺寸不同的网格之间可以光滑衔接在一起,提高了网格的质量。为了验证算法的有效性和可靠性,利用ANSYS软件,采用上述网格划分方法对收割机的行走机构进行了建模和仿真分析,结果表明:该方法计算稳定可靠,数次迭代即可快速收敛。同时,通过计算得到了收割机行走机构的应力和应变云图,并得到了应力集中和变形较大的位置,为行走机构结构参数的优化提供了理论参考。

The finite element method is introduced in the analysis of complex mechanical structure and physical field of the harvester＇s walking mechanism. In order to control the calculation error effectively, an adaptive finite element mesh division method is proposed, which is based on the grid. In the process of dividing the mesh, the uniform size mesh is used to divide the whole area. The initial uniform mesh size is obtained. The mesh refinement is performed in the process of variable density subdivision. The results of the last iteration ensure the reasonable distribution of the global mesh. In order to verify the validity and reliability of the algorithm, using ANSYS software, the model and simulation analysis of the walking mechanism of the harvester was carried out by using the above method. The simulation results show that the method is stable and reliable. By calculating the stress and strain of the walking mechanism, the position of stress con- centration and deformation is obtained, which provides a theoretical reference for the optimization of structural parameters of walking mechanism.