苏联意识形态转向中的美国文化渗透因素及反思——以持不同政见者为中心

American Cultural Factors in the Ideological Change of the Soviet Union and Relections: Studies Centered on Dissidents

勃列日涅夫时期,虽然苏美仍旧处于"冷战"之中,但外交关系已相对"缓和",这种局面为美国对苏联进行意识形态渗透创造了有利条件,以美国为首的西方国家支持和利用苏联的持不同政见者,通过文化领域积极向苏联宣传资本主义价值观。与此同时,苏共却不断地加强对持不同政见者的管控与打压。但是苏联大学生还是表现出对持不同政见者的同情与追随,他们的思想和行为明显倾向于西方,苏联陷入了被动的局面,最终走向解体。苏美之间围绕意识形态宣传而展开的文化冷战,其结果值得反思。

During the Brezhnev period, although the Soviet Union and the United States had still been at the 'cold war' against each other, yet their diplomatic relations relatively 'thawed out'. This situation created favorable conditions for U.S. ideological penetration of the Soviet Union. The Western countries, headed by the United States, supported and took advantages of Soviet dissidents, proactively propagating capitalist values through culture. At the same time, the CPSU constantly strengthened its control and suppression of dissidents. However, Soviet Union college students sympathized with and followed these dissidents. Their thought and actions were obviously inclined to the West, leading the Soviet Union into a passive situation and finally to collapse. The results of U.S.-Soviet cultural cold war regarding ideological propaganda is worthy of reflection.