日本海洋科技战略计划与重点研究布局及其对我国的启示

Analysis on Marine Science and Technology Strategy and Key Layout of Japan and the Inspirations to China

《海洋基本法》和《海洋基本计划》是日本实施海洋战略的重要保障,为海洋科技的发展建立了完善的政策体系,另一方面政府通过启动一些重大海洋研发计划推动《海洋基本计划》的实现。重点介绍了日本政府启动的海洋科技计划和参与的国际合作研究项目,归纳分析了日本海洋科技中心和东京大学海洋研究所的中长期计划和重点研究布局特点,以及在深海研究方面的技术布局、重要内容和先进的仪器设备。结合我国实际情况,提出我国应该加强海洋立法工作和进程、研发具有自主知识产权的基础设施、积极参与国际大型海洋计划,提高话语权以及增强国民海洋意识等建议。

The Basic Ocean Law （BOL） and Basic Ocean Plan （BLP） are important guarantee for the mari- time strategy of Japan, which has established a complete policy system for the development of marine science and technology. On the other hand, the Japanese Government has started some major marine strategies and plans to pro- mote the BLP. In this paper, the marine science and technology plans launched by the Japanese Government and its participation in the international cooperative research projects were introduced. The research of Japan Marine Science and Technology Center and the University of Tokyo Institute of Oceanography in the long-term planning and focus on the layout features, deep sea research technology layout, contents and advanced equipment were analyzed. At last, some recommendations for China＇ s development on marine science and technology were proposed, such as strengthening the legislation work and process, carrying out research and development of marine infrastructure with independent intellectual property rights, actively participating in international large-scale ocean plan, improving the discourse right and enhancing national maritime awareness and suggestions and so on.