齿梳拨刀式油茶果采摘装置设计与试验

Design and Experiment of Tooth Comb Type Device for Camellia Fruits Picking

油茶果机械采摘是一个亟待解决的难题。为此,针对油茶果机械采摘难、效率低、易损伤花苞的现象,设计了一种齿梳拨刀式油茶果采摘装置,并通过对采摘装置工作原理和拨果原理开展理论分析,得出影响拨刀采摘效果的主要因素。同时,使用ADAMS软件模拟其运动过程,分析拨刀前端点速度、加速度、角速度和角加速度,绘制相应曲线,并对采摘装置关键零部件进行设计。采摘试验表明:设计的齿梳拨刀式油茶果采摘装置能够有效提高采摘效率并减少花苞损伤,可为油茶果的机械采摘设计提供新的思路。

Camellia fruits harvest by machine is a dilemma to be solved. According to Camellia fruit by means of me- chanical picking is difficult, inefficiency and its bud easy to injury, a tooth comb poking knife type Camellia fruits picking device is designed. Also the working principle of Camellia fruits picking by poking knife is analyzed and main influence factor of poking knife is obtained. At the same time, the curves of velocity, acceleration, angular velocity and angle ac- celeration of the end point of the poking knife are plotted though analyzing its motion model in ADAMS software, the key parts of the mechanism is designed to explain its characteristics as well. Final experimental tests show that the mechanism is efficient in Camellia fruits picking and low injury in Camellia buds, which can provide new thoughts for Camellia fruits picking by machine under low buds damage.