无人机喷雾参数对粳稻冠层沉积量的影响及评估

Effect and Assessment of UAV Spraying Parameters at Japonica Rice Canopies

主要研究了植保无人机在水稻灌浆期喷施磷酸二氢钾(KH2PO4)的作业效果及八旋翼无人机喷雾参数对水稻叶片雾滴沉积分布的影响,测试分析了无人机在水稻灌浆期植保作业时雾滴的沉积效果。研究采用雾滴测试卡接收雾滴,通过调节无人机的作业高度进行雾滴沉积量评估试验。根据作业高度不同,共设计3组试验,高度分别是3、4、5m。结果表明:不同作业高度时,雾滴在水稻冠层和下层具有不同的沉积效果,且分布均匀性的变异系数也不同。作业高度5m时,雾滴在水稻叶片上的总沉积量最少,均匀性最差,冠层和下层的变异系数分别为92.11%、150.29%;作业高度3m时,雾滴在水稻叶片上的总沉积量高于4m和5m时的沉积量,均匀性较好,冠层和下层的变异系数分别为32.94%、49.47%。3组作业高度均显示:雾滴在水稻冠层的沉积量高于下层叶片,叶片正面的沉积量高于反面,叶片反面沉积量可达到正面叶片的1/2以上。本研究对八旋翼无人机高效利用、提高农药喷施作业效率、增加水稻产量具有深远的意义。

In order to explore the effect of spray droplet deposition and applications of multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehi- cle at late rice growth, spray test was done at different working heights. We used droplets test card receive droplets, and according to the different working height, three groups of experiment to be designed, respectively is 3 meters, 4 meters and 5 meters. The analysis results showed that： In different working height, droplets in rice canopy and lower level had different sedimentary effect, and the distribution uniformity coefficient of variation was also different. The total quantity of droplet deposition at the targets reached minimum when the working height was 5 meters. Meanwhile, canopy and the lower blade had a largest coefficient of variation value of 92.11%, 150.29%. The total quantity of droplet deposition at the targets reached maximum when the working height was 3 meters. Meanwhile, canopy and the lower blade had a smal- lest coefficient of variation value of 32.94% ,49.47%. Three groups of tests showed height showed droplet deposition of rice was higher than the lower blade, blade side is higher than another side. The research also has a significance in rea- sonably spraying pesticide, increase rice production and improving the efficiency of spraying.