中国改革开放经验对南非工业化的启示

China's Opening Up and Reform:Lessons for South Africa?

全面实现工业化是目前南非经济发展的目标之一。为此,南非政府已决定采取多种应对措施,建立经济特区便是其中之一。经过多年的发展,南非的经济特区建设取得了一定的成绩,但受激励措施缺失、利益相关者关系协调与合作机制不佳、基本战略缺乏统一性以及地方政府参与不足等因素的制约,其发展潜力尚待进一步挖掘。相比而言,中国的改革开放政策与措施对中国经济快速发展起到了重要的推动作用。其中,建立经济特区举措在吸引外国直接投资、促进出口导向型工业化的发展以及推动市场改革等方面成效显著,此举对于南非经济发展具有重要的借鉴意义。尤其在实施相关配套改革措施、加强地方治理改革、开发人力资源,以及进行强有力的国家干预与制度立法等方面,南非可以与中国分享发展经验。

Currently, to fully realize industrialization is one of the objectives for South Africa＇ s economic development, and the government has committed to achieving it through various measures, including developing the special economic zones. After years of development, the special economic zones in South Africa have yielded some fruits. However, limited by factors like lack of incentive methods, poor stakeholder coordination and collaboration mechanisms, lack of integration of fundamental strategies as well as low level of the local governments＇ participation, the potential of the special economic zones in South Africa is waiting to be further tapped. By contrast, the reform and opening up policies and measures have played important roles in the fast development of Chinese economy. Among them, the initiative of developing special economic zones has been widely lauded for its remarkable success in attracting foreign direct investment, promoting export oriented industrialization, and catalysing market -wide reforms. This is a good lesson for the economic development of South Africa. China may share its development experience with South Africa particularly in the following aspects： carrying out related supporting reform measures, reinforcing reform of local governance, developing human resource as well as conducting strong state intervention and institutional legislation.