收缩城市的形成与规划启示—基于新马克思主义城市理论的视角

The Formation And Planning Of Shrinking Cities: From New Marxism Urban Theory

以人口减少和经济衰退为特征的收缩城市,近年来已经引起国内外城市规划学者的广泛关注。文章基于新马克思主义城市理论,从资本流动的角度对城市收缩的概念、形成及类型进行解释,在分析资本流动与城市发展关系的基础上,提出收缩城市是过度积累危机的空间表现,而过度积累危机中出现的资本盈余和劳动盈余是导致城市出现收缩的主要动因。同时,根据经济全球化资本流动的特征,分别从依附关系、制造业转移、郊区化和地方制度响应四个方面分析不同类型收缩城市的形成机制,进而从规划方向指出收缩城市对我国城市发展的启示。

Shrinking cities with population decline and economic recession have caught wide attention of planning researchers. With neo-MarxJst urban theories, the paper explains the concept, formation, and types of shrinking cities from capital flow viewpoint. The paper proposes city shrinking is the spatial expression of over-accumulation of crises, and capital-labor surplus is the major underlying reason of city shrinkage. Based on global economic flow characters, the paper analyzes the shrinking formation mechanism from affiliation, industrial dislocation, suburbanization, local institution, and indicates the illumination of shrinking cities for Chinese urban development.