催化氧化技术在可挥发性有机物处理的研究

Removal of Volatile Organic Compounds by Catalytic Oxidation Technology

挥发性有机物(VOCs)是一类具有毒性且对环境和人体健康产生威胁的有机化合物。目前催化氧化技术是有效净化VOCs的方法之一,它可以将VOCs转化为CO2和H2O。本文在总结国内外VOCs净化技术的基础上,着重介绍了催化氧化技术,并且对常用的催化剂种类、催化机理及存在的问题进行了总结。最后对催化氧化技术的发展趋势进行了展望。研究结果表明,贵金属催化剂的研究关键在于有效载体的选择及催化剂抗中毒性能的提高;与贵金属催化剂相比,钙钛矿和尖晶石等非贵金属催化剂的发展趋势为通过改变催化剂配方、催化剂形貌结构、活性组分粒径大小及比表面积等来提高催化剂的低温可还原性、储氧能力和氧缺陷,进而提高其催化性能。本文的评述将为选择合适的催化剂处理VOCs提供一定的参考基础。

Volatile organic compounds（ VOCs） are poisonous organic compounds which pose a threat to environment and human health. Catalytic oxidation technology,which can convert VOCs into CO2 and H2O,is considered as one of promising techniques for VOCs removal. On the basis of the summary of VOCs removal technologies at home and abroad,catalytic oxidation method is emphatically introduced; besides,catalysts in common use,catalytic oxidation mechanism and existent problems are summarized in this paper. Finally,developmental trends of catalytic oxidation technology of VOCs are also presented. The results show that the core of noble catalysts is the optimization of effective supporters and the enhancement of resistance to catalyst poisoning. As for perovskite-type,spinel-type and other non-noble metal catalyst,it is the key to decrease the active temperature of catalysts. And it can be considered that the reduction ability,oxygen storage capacity and oxygen vacancy, which are critical factors determining catalyst performance for VOCs oxidation, can be improved by means of adjusting the compounding formula,morphological structure,particle size and specific surface area of catalysts and proceed to enhance catalyst performance. This review will offer certain value forreference to determine the proper catalyst for VOCs removal.