4QX-12型玉米青贮收获机的切碎性能分析与试验

Chopped Performance Analysis and Test on 4QX-12 Silage Maize Harvester

针对目前玉米青贮收获机普遍存在的秸秆切碎性能差和切碎长度不均匀等问题,对4QX-12型玉米青贮收获机的切碎性能展开研究。通过对收获机拨禾过程和切碎过程的理论分析表明:拨禾圆筒安装多层拨禾轮可实现倾斜拨禾,使秸秆以倾斜接近水平状态喂入至切碎装置,提升收获机切碎长度的均匀性;根据饲喂不同牲畜的需要,通过改变动刀转速,调节秸秆切碎段长度,该调节方法简单可靠。同时,进行了收获机性能试验,结果表明:该收获机合格切碎长度属于20~30mm区间的切碎长度合格率为96.7%,损失率为4.0%,割茬高度为1 1 6.1 mm;合格切碎长度属于3 0~5 0 mm区间的切碎长度合格率为9 8.1%,损失率为4.6%,割茬高度为113.7mm;各项作业指标均优于国家标准的相关规定,该收获机能满足青贮玉米收获作业要求。

For the problems widespread in silage maize harvester such as poor chopped performance, uneven chopped length and other issues. A research on the chopped performance of the 4QX-12 silage maize harvester was carried out. The theoretical analysis showed that the raking process and the chopped process have main impact on the chopped performance of the machine. The layers rake wheel was designed to make the cut maize straw tilted when feeding. Help enhance the uniformity of the equipment chopped length. According to the different needs of livestock feed, by changing knife speed, the chopped length of straw can be adjusted. This adjustment method is simple and reliable. The performance test results showed that the working performance of this equipment was higher than the national standard. When the length of 20 -30ram was selected as the qualified chopped length, the qualified index of chopped length was 96.7% , the loss rate was 4.0% and the cutting height was 116. l mm, the average length of qualified chopped straw was 28.3mm; when the length of 30-50mm was selected as the qualified chopped length, the qualified index of chopped length was 98.1% , the loss rate was 4.6% and the cutting height was 113.7mm, the average length of qualified chopped straw was 38.9mm. This equipment can meet the work requirements of silage maize harvest.