中国田径运动员身高、体重及克托莱指数地域特征研究

Study on China's Track and Field Athletes Height,Weight and Quetelet Index in Geographical Features

采用文献资料法、专家访谈法、逻辑分析法及数理统计法,对我国田径运动员身高、体重及克托莱指数的项群特征、地域差异、差异归因及项目地域适宜性进行了探究。结果显示:我国男女田径不同分组项目运动员身高、体重及克托莱指数具有鲜明的项群特征,不同分组项目运动员上述3指标具有特定的数值范围,并具有较高的区分度。其上述3指标依大小排序具有一致性,在身高方面均呈:全能>投掷>跳跃>短跨>中长距离>超长距离;在体重及克托莱指数方面均呈:投掷>全能>跳跃>短跨>中长距离>超长距离。我国男女田径不同分组项目运动员的身高、体重及克托莱指数具有着普通人群的地域分布特点,即北方明显大于南方。不同分组项目运动员身高、体重及克托莱指数与纬度、日照间存在显著正相关,与气温、降雨量存在显著负相关,而与人均收入、人均GDP间呈极弱相关。我国田径运动的发展有着明显的地域适宜性,并呈现出特有地域分布规律。

The literature, expert interviews, logical analysis and mathematical statistics, China＇s track and field athletes on height, weight and Quetelet index-group characteristics, geographic differences, and differences due to geographical suitability of the project was to explore . The results show： our group of men and women track and field athletes of different height, weight and Quetelet index-group has a distinct feature of these three athletes of different target groups with a specific range of values, and high differentiation. The size of the three indexes by sort of consistency in the height area showed： Dance〉 thrown〉 jumping〉 short span〉 in the long〉 over long distances; in body weight and Quetelet indices showed： Throwing〉 almighty〉 leap 〉 short span〉 in the long〉 over long distances. China＇s male and female track and field athletes of different groups of height, weight and Quetelet index with the geographical distribution of the general population, that is significantly greater than the north south. Athletes of different groups of height, weight and Quetelet index with latitude, sunshine there were significant positive correlation with temperature, rainfall there was a significant negative correlation with per capita income, per capita GDP was very weak inter- related. The development of China＇s athletics has obvious geographical suitability, and showed .