重金属污染农田修复生态补偿的农户调查分析——以广西环江为例

Farmers acceptance investigation of ecological compensation for heavy metals polluted farmland remediation——A case study from Huanjiang,Guangxi

基于意愿调查法对广西环江县重金属污染农田修复生态补偿进行研究,调查分析当地基本社会经济信息、农户污染认知、受偿意愿(WTA)。调查发现,农户对弃耕参与污染土壤修复的认知程度不足,亟需建立生态补偿保障机制促进农田土壤修复可持续开展。受偿意愿调查表明,农户对补偿方式的选择偏好是现金补偿(其次是政策补偿和技术补偿),土壤治理期间的平均受偿意愿额度约为16 980元/(hm^2·a),且其明显受家庭耕地面积正向影响。建议生态补偿应以当地各级政府为主导,并积极考虑将个体企业纳入补偿主体。同时,拓宽污染治理参与者对污染信息有效获取的渠道,以缓解对污染认知及生态补偿存在的信息不对称问题。

A study of ecological compensation was conducted for remediation of polluted farmland by heavy metals based on contingent valuation method in Huanjiang,Guangxi.Survey design included local social-economic information,pollution awareness,and willingness to acceptance of local farmers.The results show that local farmers awareness of stopping farming to participate in remediation of contaminated soil needs more work.It is thus necessary to establish an incentive mechanism of ecological compensation to promote a sustainable remediation of farmland soil.The investigation for the willingness to acceptance indicated that cash compensation was most preferred（followed by political compensation and technical compensation）.The average willingness to acceptance was approximately 16 980 Yuan/（hm^2·a） during the period of soil treatment,and significantly affected by the family arable land.It is suggested that ecological compensation be established by the local governments at all levels as the leading,and individual enterprises be actively joint in ecological compensation.Meanwhile,the channels of pollution information should be expanded for participants in pollution control to alleviate the information asymmetry in pollution awareness and ecological compensation.