差序治理与农地流转合约方式选择——理论框架及基于赣、辽两省调研数据的实证检验

Differential Order Governance and Farmland Transfer Contract Mode Selection——Empirical Test Based on Theoretical Framework and the Survey Data of Jiangxi and Liaoning Provinces

我国乡村社会信任关系网络呈现出差序格局,进而形成差序治理机制。在农地流转实践中,流转合约存在口头非正式和书面正式等多种方式,农户对合约方式的选择受其与各种交易主体之间关联程度的影响,是差序治理的结果。采用对江西和辽宁两省1 628户农户实地调研的数据,运用结构方程模型分析结果表明:农地流转发生在农户与亲友或同村农户之间时,农户更多地采用非市场(人情)治理范式而订立口头非正式合约;农地流转发生在农户与企业等规模经营主体或外村农户之间时,农户多地采用市场治理范式而签订书面正式合约。政府不宜采取行政命令等方式强推以书面正式合约方式流转农地,应鼓励并支持各地积极探索与实际相契合的农地流转合约方式,从而为农地合理有序流转创造良好的制度环境。

China＇s rural social trust relation shows differential order and further the differential ordmechanism is emerged. In the practice of farming land transfer , the transfer contract has an oral informal and written formal two ways , the farmer households＇ choice for the contract way is affected by its association degree between all kinds of trading main bodies and is the result of differential ordhouseholds spot-survey data in Jiangxi and Liaoning provinces , based on the analysis of structurathis paper analysis results show that when the rural land is transferred between relatives or farmer households use non-market-oriented mode （social relation） and have oral informal contract , rural land is transferred between a farmer household and an enterprise or a farmer household of another village , more farmer households use market-oriented written formal contracts. The governments should not use administrative order and so on to forcefully use written formal contract to transfer the land but should actively explore rural land transfer methods based on the reality so as to create good institutional environment for rational and ordered rural land transfer.