枸橼酸咖啡因治疗早产儿呼吸暂停安全性和有效性分析

Analysis of the safety and effectiveness of caffeine citrate in the treatment of apnea of prematurity

目的探讨枸橼酸咖啡因治疗早产儿呼吸暂停的临床疗效及安全性。方法选择2014年3月至2015年8月我院早产儿病房收治的早产儿呼吸暂停患儿,采用前瞻性随机数字表法将患儿分为治疗组与对照组,两组患儿都在常规治疗(保持正确的体位、按摩脊背、弹足底)不能缓解时加用药物治疗,治疗组给予枸橼酸咖啡因,对照组给予氨茶碱,比较两组患儿的治疗效果和不良反应(烦躁不安、心动过速、高血糖症、脱水、低血钾症、胃潴留)发生率。最终纳入研究的患儿共65例,治疗组35例,对照组30例。结果两组患儿显效率、总有效率及不良反应(除外胃潴留)发生率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论枸橼酸咖啡因治疗早产儿呼吸暂停安全有效。

Objective To investigate the clinical effect and safety of Caffeine citrate in the treatment of apnea of prematurity.Methods Premature infants with apnea were admitted to our premature ward from March 2014 to August 2015. The patients were prospectively allocated to treatment group and control group. Two groups all received drug therapy when the conventional treatment（keep the correct position,massage back,playing a foot） did not relieve apnea. The treatment group received treatment of caffeine citrate,while the control group received the treatment of the aminophylline. The treatment effects and the incidence of adverse reactions（dysphoria,tachycardia,hyperglycemia,dehydration,hypokalemia,gastric retention） of the two groups were compared. Finally sixty-five infants were included in the research. There were 35 cases in the treatment group and 30 cases in the control group.Results There were statistically significant difference in comparison with significant effective rate,total effective rate and the incidence of adverse reactions（except for gastric retention） between two groups（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Caffeine citrate is safe and effective in the treatment of apnea of prematurity.