艾略特“非个性化”理论与19世纪英国文论之渊源

The Historic Origin Between T. S. Eliot's Impersonal Theory of Poetry and English Literary Theory in Nineteenth Century

艾略特"非个性化"理论可以追溯到英国19世纪柯勒律治的诗人"客观性"能力理论,哈兹里特关于诗人客观描摹的观点,以及济慈的"无个性"能力与"消极能力"说。三人各自从侧重哲学资质、模仿自然的艺术观、追求纯美的审美理想的角度出发,都以莎士比亚为例,对诗人不带个人情感、客观描摹的创作才能给予高度评价。而艾略特从济慈的"无个性"能力中得到较多启发,富有眼光地吸纳了济慈关于化学药品的比方,进而形成了自己的"非个性化"理论。

The origin of T . S. Eliot＇s impersonal theory can be traced back to Coleridge, s theory of the poet, sob-jectivity ,Hazlitt’s view of objective description by poets ,and Keats’ theory of impersonal ability and negative ca-pability. Embarking respectively from perspective of philosophical qualities, the artistic idea of modeling the style of nature and the aesthetic pursuit of pure b eauty, the three all took example of Shakespeare to deliver high com-ments to the poet＇s capabilities to take observation with great concentration and to deliver objective description, while T . S. Eliot developed his own impersonal theory, inspired by Keats, theory of impersonal abilities and in -sightfully absorbing his simile of chemical substances