燃料柱塞泵流动特性仿真分析与低噪声设计

Flow characteristics simulation and low-noise design of fuel piston pump

鱼雷燃料泵在对燃料增压时不可避免地产生强烈的振动并传递至鱼雷壳体,使之成为鱼雷的激振源之一。为了指导燃料泵的减振降噪,利用液压系统仿真软件AMESim建立了与传统斜盘式柱塞泵结构及工作原理差异很大的燃料柱塞泵的液压模型。搭建燃料泵动态压力测试系统,测试了燃料泵出口的动态压力,并与泵出口压力仿真信号进行对比,验证了模型的正确性。在此基础上,进一步对泵出口压力、流量及柱塞腔压力动态过程进行仿真,确定出了既能削除柱塞腔尖峰压力又对泵出口压力流量无影响的错配角。以此为指导,制造出具有合理错配角的样机。对比测试表明新泵相对原泵,在全部十个测试位置振动能级均降低,最大降幅约5 dB。

A fuel pump is one of the primary vibration sources of torpedoes because the strong structure vibration and fluid vibration come up unavoidably and transfer to the shell during the process of fuel pressurization. To decrease the pump's vibration, the professional hydraulic system simulation software AMESim was used to build a hydraulic simulation model for the fuel pump whose structure and work principle are very different from the standard swashplat pump. Meanwhile, setting up a dynamic pressure measuring system, the dynamic outlet pressure of the pump was tested and compared with the simulated output pressure. The comparison shows the model is accurate. The simulation about the output pressure, output flow and cylinder pressure corresponding to different distribution angle was performed further by applying the verified model. And an appropriate angle, which can both eliminate the peak pressure and hardly affect the outlet pressure and flow of the pump, was selected. A physical prototype with the satisfying angle was made under the guidance of the simulation. A contrast test shows the vibration of the improved pump is markedly lower than the unimproved one, and the maximum of the difference is about 5 dB. © 2017, Editorial Office of Journal of Vibration and Shock. All right reserved.