地震激励下储罐内液体的减晃试验研究及有限元分析

Experimental study and finite element analysis on the sloshing suppression in storage tank under seismic excitations

为了避免因液体晃动过大而引起的储罐"象足"型失稳破坏,采用减晃板作为抑晃装置并对其进行了减晃优化设计。分别采用缩尺模型试验(缩尺比1∶30)和有限元分析等手段对有、无安装减晃板的储罐内的液体晃动波高、罐底剪力及罐壁压应力等关键指标进行了实测和仿真模拟。研究结果表明:关键指标的模拟值与实测值较为接近,进而验证了储罐减晃有限元分析的可靠性;当减晃板在距液面0.125倍~0.225倍的储罐高度且其宽度在0.15倍的储罐半径附近时,减晃板对储液晃动波高、罐底剪力及罐壁压应力都具有较好的抑制效果;减晃优化设计后,"象足"失稳区(接近罐底处)的罐壁压应力峰值得到了较为显著的抑制。

Focusing on the suppression of liquid sloshing which may cause the elephant-foot buckling of storage tank walls, ring baffles were taken as a suppression device and its optimization design was carried out. An experimental research and a finite element analysis were performed on a 1:30 reduced-scale model. By using the model with or without baffles, the wave height, base shear force and tank wall pressure in both cases were investigated and compared. The reliability of the finite element simulation was verified by comparing the numerical results with the experimental ones. The study shows when the distance from liquid surface to the location of baffles relative to tank height is 0.125-0.225 and the baffle width relative to tank radius is near 0.15, the effect on suppressing wave is the most remarkable, additionally, near the bottom of tank, the stress reaches the maximum peak, which indicates the bottom region is just the elephant-foot buckling area. Thsi is of guiding significance for preventing failures. © 2017, Editorial Office of Journal of Vibration and Shock. All right reserved.