鹅线粒体COⅠ条形码及上游tRNA序列测定分析

Analysis of mitochondrial CO Ⅰ gene bar code and its upstream tRNA sequence determination

为探索有效识别家禽(鹅)品种的线粒体DNA条形码,以对家禽品种或禽源产品进行鉴别,文章以鸿雁、灰雁、6个地方鹅种(中国、欧洲各3个)为试验群体,利用直接测序技术对所有个体的线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶亚基Ⅰ基因(COⅠ)进行测序,并分析多态性以及分子系统进化关系,同时对该区域上游tRNA的序列进行分析。结果表明,COⅠ该段序列(1 551 bp)共存在17个突变位点,形成20种单倍型,其中18种为各群体特有,可以作为群体鉴定的依据;除卡洛斯鹅外,其余7个群体中均发现有特异变异位点。基于Kiumura双参数距离所构建的单倍型NJ树能够充分反映不同群体的进化的亲缘关系。进一步分析发现了鸿雁线粒体序列有22种tRNA基因,均为标准4个恒定臂三叶草结构,其中tRNA-Ser和tRNA-Leu各有2个,其余仅有1个。选取的COⅠ该段序列可以作为部分鹅品种鉴定的依据。

This study was conducted to find the effective and accurate identification of the DNA bar code in poultry breed（goose）,in order to identify poultry breed or the products of goose. In this study,Anser cygnoides,Anser anser,3 breeds of local Chinese goose and 3 breeds of European goose were used. Gene sequence based on the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit Ⅰ gene（COⅠ） was conducted by DNA sequence,and the polymorphism,the relationship of molecular system evolution and the upstream region of the tRNA sequences on goose were also determined. The results showed that：1） There were 17 mutation sites and 20 haplotypes in the sequence of COⅠ（1 551bp）. 2） Eighteen haplotypes were specific to each species,which could be used as the basis for identification. 3）Seven breeds had specific mutation sites except Carlos. Based on this sequence,the phylogenetic tree constructed by the Kiumura double parameter distance can fully reflect the relationship between the classification and evolution of different geese. 4） Sequence analysis found that Anser cygnoides had 22 kinds of mitochondrial tRNA gene,which were the standard of four constant arm of cloverleaf secondary structure,including 2 tRNA-Ser,2 tRNA-Leu and therest were 1. This sequence of COⅠ could be used as the basis for the identification of some geese breeds.