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2014年某院临床常见病原菌的分布及耐药性分析 被引量:2

An Analysis of the Clinic Distribution and Drug-resistance of Pathogenic Bacteriain in Wuhan
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摘要 目的了解本院2014年临床分离菌对常见抗生素的耐药状况,为临床医生合理选择抗菌药物提供参考依据,减少和延缓耐药菌的产生。方法采用珠海迪尔公司DL-96全自动细菌鉴定/药敏分析仪,对2014年各科室送检标本中培养分离出的1 221株条件致病菌进行回顾性分析。结果1 221株临床分离菌中革兰阳性球菌440株(占36.04%),革兰阴性杆菌781株(占63.96%);革兰阳性球菌中排列前3位的分别是金黄色葡萄球菌149株(1 2.20%)、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌1 23株(10.07%)、肠球菌124株(1 0.1 6%);革兰阴性杆菌中肠杆菌科细菌排列前2位的分别是大肠埃希菌245株(20.06%)、肺炎克雷伯菌162株(1 3.27%);非发酵菌中以铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌最常见,分别为143株(11.71%)和122株(9.99%)。葡萄球菌属中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)和耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(MRCNS)检出率分别占金黄色葡萄球菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌的76.71%和81.4%,未发现耐万古霉素和替考拉宁的葡萄球菌。在革兰阴性杆菌中产超广谱内酰胺酶(ESBLs)检出率占大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌的77.2%和26.0%,均对碳青霉烯类具有很好的敏感性。结论 2014年度院内病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌居多,且细菌多重耐药日趋严重,因此开展细菌耐药监测和掌握细菌耐药变迁动态,对指导临床合理应用抗菌药物和有效控制院内感染具有重要意义。 Objective To investigate the drug-resistance of common pathogenic bacteria from a hospital in 2014 and to provide evidences for rational use of antibiotics in the clinic. Method s1 221 strains of bacteria were isolated from clinical specimens in 2014. The pathogens were identified and retrospectively analyzed statistically by Zhuhai Dl Medical Biotech L-96 automated microbial identification system. Results Among all the 1 221 isolates,36.04% (n=440) were Gram-positive bacteria; 63.96% (n=781) were Gram-negative bacteria. The three major Gram-positive bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus (12.20%,n=149),Coagulase - negative Staphylococcus sp. (10.07%,n=123),and Enterococcus sp. (10.16%,n=124); The top two Gram-negative bacteria were Escherichia coli (20.06%,n=245),and Klebsiella pneumoiae(13.27%). The most common non-fermentative bacteria included Pseudomonas aeruginosa(11.71%,n=143) and Acinetobacter baumanii(9.99%,n=122). In Staphylococcus,MRSA and MRCNS detection rates were 76.71% of S.aureus and 81.4% of Coagulase- negative Staphylococcus,respectively. No vancomycin and Teicoplanin resistant Staphylococcus had been found. In Gram-negative bacteria,detection rates of ESBLs were 77.2% of E. coli and 26.0% of K.pneumoiae,both were equally sensitive to carbapenems. Conclusion Hospital's bacterial drug resistance is increased ,among them the Gram-negative bacteria dominate. The constant surveillance and control of bacterial antibiotics resistance are crucial to the rational application of antibiotics and prevention of nosocomial infection.
作者 黄萍 袁敏
出处 《临床输血与检验》 CAS 2017年第1期75-78,共4页 Journal of Clinical Transfusion and Laboratory Medicine
关键词 细菌耐药性 抗菌药物 革兰阴性杆菌 革兰阳性球菌 Bacterial resistance Antibiotic drugs Gram-negative bacilus Gram-positive coccidia
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