新自由主义的政治渗透与欧洲危机

The Neo-liberalism's Permeation into European Politics and Its Effects on the European Crisis

目前欧洲危机正在由经济领域向政治和社会领域蔓延,人们将更多的注意力转向了民粹主义的挑战,而忽视了导致目前欧洲政治和社会危机的更深层次的政治原因,即新自由主义的政治渗透。本文着重讨论新自由主义在欧洲的政治渗透及其政治影响。新自由主义在欧洲的渗透是以渐进形式实现的,是在欧洲主流政党的共同助推下,借助于应对危机的改革和欧洲一体化的建设,通过制度化的方式渗透到了欧洲政治中。抵制新自由主义力量的分化和碎片化便利了新自由主义的政治渗透。新自由主义对欧洲社会的失衡、欧洲的民主制度侵蚀以及社会关系的极化产生了深远的影响。欧洲欲走出危机,必须从思想和制度上反思新自由主义的影响。

As the European crisis is spreading from economic field to political and social fields,greater attention has been focused upon the political challenges posed by the rising populism,rather than upon those by the neo-liberalism. This paper discusses the approaches by which the neo-liberalism has permeated into the European politics and its effects on the present crisis in Europe. It argues that the neo-liberalism has entered the European politics gradually by means of institutionalization and with the help of the economic and political reforms promoted by both left and right mainstream parties as a response to the crisis. The fragmentation of the forces attempting to resist neo- liberal politics makes it easy for the neo- liberalism to spread widely. The neo-liberal politics has resulted in the imbalance between capital and labour,the polarization of social relations and the erosion of democracy. To overcome the crisis,Europe must take the neo-liberalism seriously and get rid of its influences on ideology and institution.