马克思城市空间思想的三重解读维度

Three Dimensions of Marx's Urban Space Theory

马克思城市空间思想是在理论解读语境中产生的,是一种诠释学意义的理论。在历史唯物主义的整体视野中,把马克思对空间的思考与对城市问题的考察相交叉,为城市空间思想的解读提供了可能。本文基于三个维度探讨马克思城市空间思想:一是现实维度,二是经济学维度,三是哲学维度。在现实维度下,城市空间既是现实的物理空间又是建构的社会空间,既为人的生存提供基本居所和劳动场所,又为人的提升提供诸多可能。经济学维度下,城市空间是资本集聚场,是资本主义生产的"容器",城市空间本身也是资本累积的重要成果。哲学维度下,意识形态和阶级分层与对立在此凸显,城市空间先后存在资本主义制度与封建统治,资产阶级与工人阶级的两对矛盾。当然,展望未来,城市空间也是未来解决矛盾、实现共产主义的场所。

Marx’s Urban Space Theory is a hermeneutic theory that came into being in the process of theory interpretation. From a holistic view of historical materialism, Marx combines his thoughts on space with his research on urban, making it possible to interpret the urban space theory. This thesis explores Marx＊s Urban Space Theory from three dimensions, i. e. realistic, economic and philosophical dimension. From the realistic dimension, urban is not only a real and physical space, but also a constructive and social one, which provides fundamental residence and workplace for human being, thus making human development possible. From the economic dimension,urban space is a “ container” where the capital will be aggregated and the capital production can work. The urban itself is also a result of the capital accumulation. From the philosophical dimension, ideological conflicts and social stratification are highlighted in the urban space. The conflicts between the capitalism and the feudalism and conflicts between the bourgeoisie and the working class existed in the urban space successively. It is undeniable that the urban space is a place where conflicts will be settled and the communism will be realized.