案例研究的5种范式及其选择

Five Case Studies Models and its Selecting

近年来兴起的混合研究法为案例研究者提供了新思路,案例研究也因此拥有了更多可供选择的研究范式。现有研究尚未梳理这些范式,也未找出其来源,更不可能告诉案例研究者如何选用这些范式。系统梳理案例研究相关文献,以方法论属性与资料搜集方式为依据,划分得到文献计量、文献荟萃分析、实地观察与访谈、问卷调查、混合研究5种案例研究范式。随后,归纳得到每种范式的12个研究步骤及各种范式之间的内在关联。最后,从案例研究者出发,归纳了案例研究选择过程。主张从案例研究者出发,通过匹配案例研究范式与限制性因素以及评价研究结果并通过反馈环节来改进案例研究选择过程。解决了案例研究者可以选择哪些研究范式以及如何选择的问题,为案例研究者选用规范、科学与适合自身的研究范式提供了一定的借鉴。

The popular mixed method gives the case investigator the new ideas to study,and thus the case investigator have more case study paradigms to choose.The existing study neither finds these paradigms and their resources out,nor tells the researchers how to choose these paradigms.Combing the relevant literature,the study shows that there have five case study research paradigms including of bibliometric paradigm,literature meta-paradigm,observation-interview＇s paradigm,questionnaire investigation paradigm and mixed paradigm based on the nature of methodology and the data collection methods.And then,summarizes the 12 steps for every paradigm,and explores their inner connections.At last,this study proposes the systematical process of selecting the case study paradigms at the start of the actor of case study.That is,this study suggests that the case investigators should start on considering themselves,matching the case study paradigms and limiting factors,and then uses the results of evaluating case study to promote the selection process.This study resolves two problems including of how many case study paradigms could be selected by researchers and how to select,on which makes a conference for researchers to select the normal,scientific and appropriate method.