济南市2015年重点人群碘营养状况调查

Investigation of iodine nutrition situations of target population in Ji'nan in 2015

目的调查济南市8~10岁儿童、孕妇和哺乳期妇女碘营养状况,为重点人群科学补碘提供依据。方法在济南市9个县（市区）中,每县（市区）按照东、西、南、北、中5个方位各取一个乡镇,每个乡镇抽一个小学,每个小学随机抽取100名8~10岁学生,每个乡镇5个村,每个村随机抽取10~20名孕妇和哺乳期妇女,采集尿样检测碘含量。共计儿童1 837名,孕妇749名,哺乳期妇女458名。结果 8~10岁儿童、孕妇和哺乳期妇女尿碘中位数分别为187.9μg/L、177.3μg/L、220.8μg/L,为碘适宜水平;11.10%儿童、40.32%孕妇和28.17%哺乳期妇女处于碘营养不足水平,17.20%儿童、10.20%孕妇和11.14%哺乳期妇女处于碘营养过量水平;不同县（市区）8~10岁儿童、孕妇和哺乳期妇女尿碘水平差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论三种重点人群的碘营养状况处于适宜水平,仍存在一定比例的碘缺乏和碘过量状况,应针对不同地区的不同人群制定补碘政策。

Objective To provide the basis for scientific iodine supplement of target population, iodine nutritional status of children（8-10 years old）, pregnant women and nursing mothers in Ji＇nan was investigated. Methods In the 9 counties of Ji＇nan, only one town was chosen in one direction according to the classification as follows： the east, west, south, north and medium. Then, one primary school from five villages were extracted in each township. After that, 100 students of 8-10 years old in every primary school as well as 10-20 pregnant women and nursing mothers in each village were randomly selected to collect their urine for iodine test.A total number of children were 1837, the number of pregnant women were749, the number of nursing mothers were 458. Results The urinary iodine median of children（8-10 years old）, pregnant women and nursing mothers were 187.9 μg/L, 177.3 μg/L, 220.8 μg/L, respectively, which were suitable for the iodine level. 11.10% of children（8-10 years old）, 40.32% of pregnant women and 28.17% of nursing mothers were in the level of iodine nutritional deficiencies, while the corresponding percentages in excess iodine nutrition level were 17.20%, 10.20%and 11.14%. It was found that the differences of the urine iodine level among children（8-10 years old）, pregnant women and nursing mothers from disparate counties were statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Although iodine nutritional status of three groups of target population are at appropriate levels, there are a certain proportion of iodine deficiency and iodine excess. The iodine supplement policy should be aimed at different populations in different regions.