高技术产业内部结构多样化、专业化与经济增长动力——基于省域高技术产业制造业、高技术产业服务业面板数据的实证分析

Diversification and Specialization in High-tech Industry Internal Structure and Economic Growth Momentum:An Empirical Analysis Based on Province-level Panel Data of High-tech Manufacturing Industry and High-tech Service Industry

运用赫芬达尔-赫希曼指数、香农-威纳指数和K-L散度测度中国高技术产业结构多样性与专业性,分析了其与经济增长之间的线性与非线性关系,特别考察了高技术产业制造业与高技术产业服务业结构、高技术企业规模结构对经济增长的影响。研究发现,在全国及不同地区产业规模条件下,高技术产业内部结构与经济增长之间呈不同的U型非线性关系,基于此判断各地区高技术产业结构调整方向;地方与全国高技术产业结构的差异化显著促进经济增长,各地应寻找有差异的最优结构;高技术产业服务业利于经济增长,应鼓励增加其比重;大中型高技术企业在一定程度上对经济增长具有负效应,应鼓励中小型高技术企业的发展。

Using the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index, Shannon-Wiener Index and Kullback-Leibler Divergence to measure diversity and specialty of Chinese high-tech industrial structure, this paper analyzes the linear and nonlinear relationships between them and economic growth, especially the impacts of the structure of high-tech industry and scale structure of high-tech enterprises on growth are examined. Firstly, it is found that there are different U-shaped nonlinear relationships between the internal structure of high-tech industry and economic growth under different industrial levels, namely national-level and regional- level, based on which we can judge the direction of high-tech industry structural adjustment in each region. Secondly, the dif- ferentiation of high-tech industry structure on national-level and regional-level significantly promotes economic growth, there- fore different optimal structure should be formed in each region. Thirdly, the high-tech service industry should be encouraged as it is conductive to growth. Lastly, to some extent,large and medium-sized high-tech enterprises have negative impacts on growth, therefore the development of medium and small-sized high-tech enterprises need more encouragement.