全站仪半盘位自由设站测量的精度分析

Precision analysis of the total station's semi-face free station

在高速铁路工程测量过程中,经常会使用到全站仪进行半盘位的自由设站测量,之后再根据测量数据计算自由设站点的三维坐标值和定向角参数。由于全站仪半盘位的实测数据不能减弱或者消除全站仪的一些系统误差,因此该方法的精度与可靠性有待进一步研究。通过介绍自由设站三维平差的原理及其优点,使用实例进行自由设站测量的精度分析,在全站仪补偿器开和关的情况下,进行全站仪的全盘位和半盘位的自由设站测量实验,进行严密的三维平差,并研究不同类观测量的定权方法,比较各种条件下的坐标值及其精度。研究结果表明:在补偿器打开的条件下,利用全站仪半盘位自由设站测量可以达到较高的精度。

In the measurement of the high-speed railway project, the total station is often used to carry on the semi-face free station, then the three-dimensional coordinates and angle- orientation parameter of the free station’s point will be calculated. Since the measured data of semi-face can’t weaken or eliminate some systematic errors in the total station, the precision and reliability of the method need further study. Firstly, this paper introduces the principle and the advantages of free station’s three-dimensional adjustment, and then uses example to analyze the free station’s precision. The measurement experiment of the semi-face and complete-face free station is conducted at the state of the total station compensator is on and off, followed by the rigorous three-dimensional adjustment, and then two weights of different classified observations will be discussed, and under a variety of conditions, the coordinate values and their precision should be compared. Finally, the study shows that when the compensation is on, utilizing the total station’s semi-face free station can achieve a higher precision.