高耸结构动力响应测点优化布置研究

Research on optimal sensor placement for dynamic responses of high-rise building

风荷载是高耸结构的主要控制荷载,通常采用加速度传感器测量高耸结构在风荷载下的振动响应时,需要对测点进行优化布置,以减小测试费用,增加测量精度。运用matlab编程开发任意测点数目的振型线性插值自动处理程序,把传统的4种判断振型相似的适应度函数形式转换成适用于改进单亲遗传算法的适应度函数,实现改进单亲遗传算法在测点优化领域的自动化处理。通过对某高耸结构测点优化布置的实例计算分析,表明该方法具有较高的计算效率,适合将其推广应用于高耸结构乃至整个土木工程结构自振特性测试领域。

Wind load is one of the control loads of high-rise building. To reduce test cost and improve the accuracy of measurements, it is necessary to find the optimal sensor placement for dynamic responses of high-rise building. In this paper, an automatic matlab program is created to solve the problem of linear interpolation of mode shape under the condition of random measurement points. Four traditional fitness functions of evaluating the similarity of mode shape are converted to the adaptive functions of improved partheno-genetic algorithm, which makes an automated process possible in the field of optimal sensor placement. The measuement of a high-rise building is used as an example to illustrate the application of the proposed method. It turns out that the method is efficient and suitable to be applied to high-rise structure and the vibration testing field of civil engineering structure.