建筑机械荷载对开挖稳定性影响的离心试验

Centrifugal model test on stability of excavation by construction machinery

在建筑机械开挖市政管线的沟槽过程中,由于沟槽沟壁滑坡、塌方,挖掘机倾翻,造成人员伤亡和经济损失的工程事故日益增多。如何预防此类施工坍塌事故是岩土工程领域亟待研究的课题。通过在砂土和火山灰地基土中分别开展模拟沟槽开挖过程的离心模型试验,讨论建筑机械荷载的大小以及与沟壁的距离等因素对沟槽开挖深度滑动土体密度及沟槽边坡破坏形态的影响。通过研究,可为沟槽等土方开挖安全施工及灾害防御提供重要支撑。

In the process of excavating pipelines of municipal works by construction machinery, trench wall slumping and excavating machine leaning will make engineering accidents which lead to casualties and economic losses increase. How to avoid slumping accidents due to execution is a project which desiderates research. This paper discusses the impaction on excavating depth, failure mechanism and failure shape with these factors, such as construction machinery load and the distance between this load and trench wall and so on, by centrifuge model tests which simulate the process of trench excavation. This study will also provide important support to the security construction and disaster defense of trench excavation.